Parasha Devarim

SHABBAT DATE

Aug 23, 2025

Deuteronomy 1:1–3:22

Moses reviews Israel’s journey from Egypt to the Jordan.

Parashat Devarim (דְּבָרִים – “Words”)

Deuteronomy 1:1–3:22

Introduction to Moses’ Final Address

Parashat Devarim begins the fifth and final book of the Torah—Deuteronomy—which contains Moses’ farewell speeches to the children of Israel before they cross into the Promised Land.

“These are the words (דְּבָרִים) that Moses spoke to all Israel…” – Deuteronomy 1:1

Moses recounts their journey from Mount Sinai to the plains of Moab, reminding them of key events, God's commands, and their past failures, so that they would not repeat them in the land of Canaan.

1. Establishment of Leadership

Deuteronomy 1:9–18

Moses recalls appointing judges and leaders over the people to help bear the burden of governance. He emphasizes the importance of impartiality and justice:

“You shall not show partiality in judgment... for the judgment is God’s.” – Deut. 1:17

2. The Sin of the Spies

Deuteronomy 1:19–46

Moses recounts the story of the spies sent into the Land, the people’s fear, and their refusal to enter the land God promised. As a result, they wandered in the wilderness for 40 years, and that generation perished.

“You rebelled against the command of the Lord your God…” – Deut. 1:26

3. The Wilderness Years and Conquests

Deuteronomy 2:1–3:11

Moses recalls the travels through Seir (Edom), Moab, and Ammon, where God instructed Israel not to provoke these nations. However, God commanded them to fight and conquer Sihon king of Heshbon and Og king of Bashan, giving their lands to the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh.

4. Possession of the Transjordan

Deuteronomy 3:12–22

Moses gives these conquered lands to the tribes who requested to settle east of the Jordan. But they must first help their brothers conquer the land west of the Jordan.

Moses also recounts God’s refusal to let him enter the Promised Land, despite his plea. Instead, God tells him to commission Joshua as the new leader.

“Do not fear them, for the Lord your God is the one fighting for you.” – Deut. 3:22

Spiritual Reflection

Parashat Devarim begins a season of reflection and preparation. It is always read on the Shabbat before Tisha B’Av, the day commemorating the destruction of both Temples. Moses’ rebuke is gentle but firm, guiding Israel to examine their hearts before entering the land.

It calls each generation to remember God’s faithfulness, to learn from the past, and to obey His voice moving forward.